State Mark of Quality
More often than not, on items of domestic production or on their packing, we
find this pentagon, in which above stylized the letter <K> appears an
inscription <USSR>. The letter <K> is sideways, and creates simultaneously an image of balance. The bottom part is represented in the form of dividers, and the top is a balanced bowl. It
symbolically expresses an idea "from commensuramility - to an
establishment of conformity", that is one of main problems of
standardization: an establishment of optimum conformity between requests
of the consumer and parameters of quality. The emblem of a State mark of
Quality, a mark certifying a highest level of quality, and conformity to
production to the best world standards, is this.
Why there was a necessity for such mark? What entitles a product to its
application? What gives production and consumption of production with is
familiar qualities? The answers to these questions are in indissoluble
connection with the tendency of development of soviet
socialist economy at the present stage.
"In present conditions if to mean effect for all national economy, it
is better - Almost always means and more", - The comrade L. Brezhnev on
XXIV congress KPSU spoke.
In a 1965 in connection with transition of an industry to new system of
planning and provision of economic incentives, the decision on
introduction in our country of state certification of quality of
industrial items was accepted.
The concept "the quality of production" has very wide sense. It indicates
conformity of an item to the standards, drawings or specifications and
high efficiency in operation (consumption), characterized by reliability,
profitability, aesthetic level. All listed attributes of
quality of production in many cases manage to be characterized by
quantitative parameters reflecting the various parties of consumption
cost of production.
In application, for example, to electric motors it is technical
parameters: capacity, efficiency and so on: parameters of reliability
and durability - Service life, probability of non-failure for service
life and so on; parameters of a degree of unification and
standardization - Factors applicability standardized and unified
dimensions of compound details.
Besides the listed parameters, to evaluate quality, the result of examination of an aesthetic level of items - Appearance, convenience of work with them and so on are considered. To achieve such examination in USSR, one attends an All-Union research institute of an industrial art.
Certainly, in each specific case, the parameters of quality
are established with allowance for specifities of an item.
Use of quantitative parameters allows one to compare qualities of the given
item with what that by other, similar as required item, which on the
given interval of time symbolizes a maximum world degree of
quality. The comparison can be conducted on the basis of comparison of the best domestic and foreign samples, by results of comparative
tests, by valuation of a conjuncture in the external market.
Such work also was executed by a State commission. It has
established, that the quality of electric motors of a series A-2
met maximum achievement in the given area of
engineering.
In Soviet Union since a 1972 all production under the authorized
nomenclature is exposed to certification for three categories: by
maximum, first and second, To a maximum category applies production
appropriate on the technological parameters to maximum achievement of a
domestic and foreign science and engineering; this production the State
mark of quality is given. To the first category applies
production appropriate to the standards (or specifications), which are
up-to-date. Production certificated for the second category, is subject
to modernization or removal from production.
Scanned and translated from magazine "Scientific and Life" 7'1972.
Translation © Sergei Frolov
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