Now for the calculators VK-1 and VK-2. I don't think that the 24579 / 13068 keyboard is strange at all. Originally it was used in the Dalton adding machine of 1902, but the Sundstrand was to set standards 10 years later with the ubiquitous 789 / 456 / 123.
In 1932, the Swedish Facit factory began manufacturing a hand-cranked calculator with keyboard input, and the Soviet VK-1 is obviously modelled after the Facit T (as the machine was called).
The VK-2 is an almost exact copy of the Facit ESA (Electric Super-Automatic) which arrived in 1945. All the Facits and Facit derivatives share the 24579 / 13068 keyboard, with the sole (?) exception of a Finnish (?) machine named the Precisa, which had 2468 / 13579 / 2468 / 0.